Which one of the following is used as a filler in rubber tyres?

Carbon black is one of those answers that sounds surprising at first — most people assume graphite or coal would be used in tyres, but the reality is quite different. Carbon black is a fine, powdery form of carbon produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products, and it has been the go-to filler material in rubber tyres for over a century. When carbon black is mixed into natural or synthetic rubber during tyre manufacturing, it dramatically transforms the rubber's properties — making it stronger, harder, and far more resistant to wear and tear than plain rubber could ever be on its own.

• Reinforcing Agent: Carbon black greatly increases the tensile strength of rubber, making tyres much stronger and more durable
• Wear Resistance: Significantly improves abrasion resistance, extending tyre life and reducing wear on roads
• Heat Dissipation: Helps conduct and dissipate heat generated by friction between tyre and road surface
• UV Protection: Protects rubber from degradation caused by ultraviolet radiation and ozone exposure
• Why Black Colour: Modern tyres may also contain silica and other fillers, but traditional black tyres are black because of carbon black